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世界秩序 作者:[美] 亨利·基辛格
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第八章 美国：心情矛盾的超级大国
1. 二战后第一位总统杜鲁门解释道，美国的外交政策坚定地建立在公平正义的原则之上，我们一定要努力把这一黄金原则应用到这个世界的国际事务中去。艾森豪威尔曾是一位坚强的士兵，作为总统，他几乎用同样的话语来表达目标：我们希望和平hellip;hellip;在国家生活中扎根。必须有正义，所有人民都能感受和分享hellip;hellip;必须有法律，所有国家都援用和尊重它。因此，正如杰拉尔德middot;福特在1974年国会联席会议上所说：成功的外交政策，是把全体美国人民的希望向外延伸，追求一个有序和平、有序改良和有序自由的世界。Harry S. Truman, Address n Policy at the Navy Day Celebration in New York City, October 27, 1945; Dwight D. Eisenhower, Seaugural Address (The Price of Peauary 21, 1957, in Public Papers of the Presidents: Dwight D. Eisenhower, 1957ndash;1961, 62ndash;63. Gerald Ford, Address to a Joint Session ust 12, 1974, in Public Papers of the Presidents: Gerald R. Ford (1974ndash;1977), 6.
2. Lyndon B. Johnsohe Uions General Assembly, December 17, 1963.
3. For a expositian,The World Ameriew York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2012).
4. Milovan Djilas,versations with Stalin, traroview York: Harcourt Brapany, 1962), 114.
&o Charles Bohlen, January 26, 1945, as quoted in John Lewis Gaddis,Gee Kennan: An Ameri Life (New Yuin Books, 2011), 188.
6. Bohleo History, 176.
7. 美国大使馆当时暂时没有大使。Wmiddot;埃夫里尔middot;哈里曼已经离任，而沃尔特middot;比德尔middot;史密斯尚未赴任。
8. X [Gee F. Kennan], The Sources of Soviet du Affairs 25, no. 4 (July 1947).
9. Ibid.
10. Robert Rhodes James, ed.,Winston S. Churchill: His plete Speeches, 1897ndash;1963(New York: Chelsea House, 1974), 7:7710.
11. A Report to the Natioy cil by the Executive Se Ues Objed Programs for Natioy, NSC68 (April 14, 1950), 7.
12. John Foster Dulles, Foundations of Peace (address to the Veterans n Wars, New Yust 18, 1958).
13. Gee H. W. Bush faced a similar issue after Saddam Husseins forces had been expelled from Kuwait in 1991.
14. Shen Zhihua,Mao, Stalin, and the Korean War: Trilateral uiorans. Neil Silver (Le, 2012), 140.
15. ,as Road to the Korean War: The Making of the SinoAmerifrontation (New York: bia Uy Press, 1994), 149ndash;50. On the ese leaderships analysis of the war and its regional implis, see alsoncharov, John W. Lewis, aai,Uaialin, Mao, and the Korean War (Stanford, Calif.: Stanford Uy Press, 1993); Henry Kissinger,On ew Yuin Press, 2011), chap. 5; Shen,Mao, Stalin, and the Korean War;and Shu Guang Zhang,Maos Military Romantia and the Korean War, 1950ndash;1953 (Lawrey Press of Kansas, 1995).
16. See Chapter 5.
17. General Omar N. Bradley, of the Joiaff, testimohe Seees on Armed Servid Fions, May 15, 1951, inMilitary Situatio, hearings, 82nd g., 1st sess., pt. 2, 732 (1951).
18. See Peter Braestrup,Big Story: Horess and Televisioerpreted the Crisis of Tet 1968 inam and Washington(Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1977); Rant, How to Lose a ress a er (London), August 1981, 73ndash;90; Guenter Lewy,Ameri Vietnam (New York: Oxford Uy Press, 1978), 272ndash;79, 311ndash;24.
19. Ahe President: The Jury Is Out,Time, January 3, 1972.
20. Riixon, U.S. Fn Policy for the 1970s: Building for Peace: A Report to the gress, by Riixohe Ues, February 25, 1971, 107. 直到这个时候，美国政府文件一直把中国称为共产党中国或泛称为北京或北平（国民党给这个城市的名称）当局。
21. Riarks to Midwestern News Media Executives Attending a Briefiic Polisas City, Missouri, July 6, 1971, inPublic Papers of the Presidents, 805ndash;6.
22. See Kissinger,On a,chap. 9.
23. Riixon, Seaugural Address, January 20, 1973, inMy Fellow Ameris,333.
24. Riixon,U.S. Fn Policy for the 1970s: Building for Peace, 10.
25. Riixon,U.S. Fn Policy for the 1970s: A egy for Peace,February 18, 1970, 9.
26. Riixon, U.S.Fn Policy for the 1970s: Shaping a Durable Peace,May 3, 1973, 232ndash;33.
27. Ran, Farewell Address to the Ameri People, January 11, 1989, inIn the Words of Ra, Wisdom, aimism of Americas 40th President,ed Michael Reagan (homas Nelson, 2004), 34.
28. Ran,An Ameri Life (New York: Simon Schuster, 1990), 592.
29. Lou ,Presidehe Role of a Lifetime (New York: Simon Schuster, 1990), 792.
30. Ran, Address Before a Joint Session of gress oe of the Union, January 25, 1984, inThe Public Papers of President Ran,Raial Library.
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第八章 美国：心情矛盾的超级大国
1. 二战后第一位总统杜鲁门解释道，美国的外交政策坚定地建立在公平正义的原则之上，我们一定要努力把这一黄金原则应用到这个世界的国际事务中去。艾森豪威尔曾是一位坚强的士兵，作为总统，他几乎用同样的话语来表达目标：我们希望和平hellip;hellip;在国家生活中扎根。必须有正义，所有人民都能感受和分享hellip;hellip;必须有法律，所有国家都援用和尊重它。因此，正如杰拉尔德middot;福特在1974年国会联席会议上所说：成功的外交政策，是把全体美国人民的希望向外延伸，追求一个有序和平、有序改良和有序自由的世界。Harry S. Truman, Address n Policy at the Navy Day Celebration in New York City, October 27, 1945; Dwight D. Eisenhower, Seaugural Address (The Price of Peauary 21, 1957, in Public Papers of the Presidents: Dwight D. Eisenhower, 1957ndash;1961, 62ndash;63. Gerald Ford, Address to a Joint Session ust 12, 1974, in Public Papers of the Presidents: Gerald R. Ford (1974ndash;1977), 6.
2. Lyndon B. Johnsohe Uions General Assembly, December 17, 1963.
3. For a expositian,The World Ameriew York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2012).
4. Milovan Djilas,versations with Stalin, traroview York: Harcourt Brapany, 1962), 114.
&o Charles Bohlen, January 26, 1945, as quoted in John Lewis Gaddis,Gee Kennan: An Ameri Life (New Yuin Books, 2011), 188.
6. Bohleo History, 176.
7. 美国大使馆当时暂时没有大使。Wmiddot;埃夫里尔middot;哈里曼已经离任，而沃尔特middot;比德尔middot;史密斯尚未赴任。
8. X [Gee F. Kennan], The Sources of Soviet du Affairs 25, no. 4 (July 1947).
9. Ibid.
10. Robert Rhodes James, ed.,Winston S. Churchill: His plete Speeches, 1897ndash;1963(New York: Chelsea House, 1974), 7:7710.
11. A Report to the Natioy cil by the Executive Se Ues Objed Programs for Natioy, NSC68 (April 14, 1950), 7.
12. John Foster Dulles, Foundations of Peace (address to the Veterans n Wars, New Yust 18, 1958).
13. Gee H. W. Bush faced a similar issue after Saddam Husseins forces had been expelled from Kuwait in 1991.
14. Shen Zhihua,Mao, Stalin, and the Korean War: Trilateral uiorans. Neil Silver (Le, 2012), 140.
15. ,as Road to the Korean War: The Making of the SinoAmerifrontation (New York: bia Uy Press, 1994), 149ndash;50. On the ese leaderships analysis of the war and its regional implis, see alsoncharov, John W. Lewis, aai,Uaialin, Mao, and the Korean War (Stanford, Calif.: Stanford Uy Press, 1993); Henry Kissinger,On ew Yuin Press, 2011), chap. 5; Shen,Mao, Stalin, and the Korean War;and Shu Guang Zhang,Maos Military Romantia and the Korean War, 1950ndash;1953 (Lawrey Press of Kansas, 1995).
16. See Chapter 5.
17. General Omar N. Bradley, of the Joiaff, testimohe Seees on Armed Servid Fions, May 15, 1951, inMilitary Situatio, hearings, 82nd g., 1st sess., pt. 2, 732 (1951).
18. See Peter Braestrup,Big Story: Horess and Televisioerpreted the Crisis of Tet 1968 inam and Washington(Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1977); Rant, How to Lose a ress a er (London), August 1981, 73ndash;90; Guenter Lewy,Ameri Vietnam (New York: Oxford Uy Press, 1978), 272ndash;79, 311ndash;24.
19. Ahe President: The Jury Is Out,Time, January 3, 1972.
20. Riixon, U.S. Fn Policy for the 1970s: Building for Peace: A Report to the gress, by Riixohe Ues, February 25, 1971, 107. 直到这个时候，美国政府文件一直把中国称为共产党中国或泛称为北京或北平（国民党给这个城市的名称）当局。
21. Riarks to Midwestern News Media Executives Attending a Briefiic Polisas City, Missouri, July 6, 1971, inPublic Papers of the Presidents, 805ndash;6.
22. See Kissinger,On a,chap. 9.
23. Riixon, Seaugural Address, January 20, 1973, inMy Fellow Ameris,333.
24. Riixon,U.S. Fn Policy for the 1970s: Building for Peace, 10.
25. Riixon,U.S. Fn Policy for the 1970s: A egy for Peace,February 18, 1970, 9.
26. Riixon, U.S.Fn Policy for the 1970s: Shaping a Durable Peace,May 3, 1973, 232ndash;33.
27. Ran, Farewell Address to the Ameri People, January 11, 1989, inIn the Words of Ra, Wisdom, aimism of Americas 40th President,ed Michael Reagan (homas Nelson, 2004), 34.
28. Ran,An Ameri Life (New York: Simon Schuster, 1990), 592.
29. Lou ,Presidehe Role of a Lifetime (New York: Simon Schuster, 1990), 792.
30. Ran, Address Before a Joint Session of gress oe of the Union, January 25, 1984, inThe Public Papers of President Ran,Raial Library.
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